Презентация на тему "Word accent"

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  WORD ACCENT
  Выполнила: Светлакова Екатерина Константиновна
  

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  Компоненты английского ударения
  Word accent is the singling out of one or more syllables, which is accompanied by the change of:
  the force of utterance;
  pitch of the voice;
  qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the sound.
  

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  Свободное/разноместное ударение
  In the English language word accent is free, that is it may fall on the first, the second or on the final syllable.
  

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  Подвижное ударение
  Stress in the English language is shifting, that is it may shift from one syllable to another in different parts of speech, or in different forms of one and the same word.
  

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  Степени ударения:
  главное ударение (primary, strong, main, principal);
  второстепенное (secondary, half-strong, medium) ударение;
  слабое (weak) ударение.
  

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  The degrees of stress
  The strongest stress in the English language is primary;
  the second strongest stress is secondary;
  all the other degrees of stress are weak.
  

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  Recessive tendency
  Recessive tendency results in placing the word stress on the initial syllable. It can be of two subtypes:
  a) unrestricted recessive accent, which falls on the first syllable.
  b) restricted recessive accent which is characterized by placing the word accent on the root of the word if this word has a prefix, which has lost its meaning.
  

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  Rhythmic(al) tendency
  Rhythmic(al) tendency results in alternating stressed and unstressed syllables. It can be:
  a) historically or diachronically rhythmical, with one stress, which was originally rhythmical. It falls on the third syllable from the end in three and four syllable words.
  b) synchronically rhythmical in words with a secondary stress on the second pretonic syllable.
  

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  Retentive tendency
  Retentive tendency consists in the retention of the primary accent on the parent word. More commonly it is retained in the parent word as a secondary accent.
  

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  Semantic tendency
  According to the semantic tendency words with separable prefix, numerals with suffixes-teen, compound words have two equally strong stresses.
  

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  Функции словесного ударения
  Accent performs:
  recognitive function;
  constitutive function;
  distinctive function.
  

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  Constitutive function
  Constitutive function organized words when they are pronounced separately and joined them into sentences.
  
  

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  Recognitive function
  Recognitive function helps to recognize words.
  
  

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  Distinctive function
  Distinctive function helps to distinguish words and their grammatical forms, to distinguish compound words from word combinations.